Pravaha: ideas, information and education flow

This paper was written by Daesang Kim, Daniel Rueckert, Dong-Joong Kim, and Daeryong Seo. This paper was published in Language Learning and Technology Journal at MSU in 2013. The focus of this paper is to find out about how the students interpret the use of a mobile device to create learning experience outside the classroom. The participants in this research were graduate students and those were 53 graduate students at TESOL classes. The participants did their tasks by using some technologies application in their phones, such as YouTube and VoiceThread. The number of using the mobile phone to improve knowledge and skill increased. Besides that, the use of mobile tech (ability to review content and leave a comment) could help students by participating in the more collaborative learning environment. Based on Rogers (2003), there are five categories of adopters and those are innovators, early adopters, early majority, late majority, and laggards). Dugan (2005) in Technology Adop...

This time, I write about a summary of a paper written by Agnes Kukulska Hulme from Open University. The paper was published in 2018. The title of the paper is Mobile-Assisted Language Learning.  Mobile-Assisted Language Learning or often called as MALL is using smartphones and other mobile technologies in the language learning process whereas the participants have flexibility when learning the TL. MALL could be in the formal or informal setting. MALL gives advantages for the learners, such as immediate access to the information, social networks, situation-relevant help, flexible use of time and space for learning, continuity, and sharing. MALL is also known as mobile learning because it uses mobile technologies but then it shifts to the meaning of mobility of the learners. MALL and CALL (Computer-Assisted Language Learning) differ in its use for personal needs,  flexibility (many ways in learning and spontaneous), and interaction. It is also mentioned about the appli...