Teaching a Second Language

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Teaching a foreign language has been an interesting field and it is not only teaching English as a foreign language, but it can be the other languages as well, such as Indonesian, Arabic, Urdu, Mandarin and many more. 
Here are some advantages in teaching a foreign language:
1. Homework involves speaking tasks or listening tasks to the radio or watching TV, and reading newspapers articles
2. Encourage students to seek out opportunities for practice
3. Encourage students to seek corrective feedback from others
4. Have students keep a log or diary of extra-class hearing
5. Plan and carry out field trips
6. Plan social mixers with native speakers
7. Invite speakers into classrooms

Besides the advantages, there are some guidelines to help teachers to compensate for the lack of compensating for the lack of communicative situations right outside the classroom:
1. use class time for optional authentic language input and interaction
2. don't waste class time on work that can be done as homework
3. provide regular motivation-stimulation activities
4. help students to see actual uses of the target language in their lives
5. play down the role of test and emphasize more on fundamental factors
6. encourage the use of learning strategies outside the classroom
7. form a language club and schedule regular activities
8. provide plenty of extra-class learning opportunities

As we know that there must be differences between the first language and target language of the learners. That is why there is a complex system of cultural customs, values, and ways of thinking, feeling and acting. To bridge between those cultures, teachers can apply:
1. discussion cross-cultural differences and emphasize that there is no culture is better than others. Cross-cultural understanding is an important facet of learning a language
2. use media or technique that illustrate between the culture and language
3. introduce to the students the cultural connotations, especially of sociolinguistics aspects of language
4. screen your methods for material that may be culturally offensive

In teaching a foreign language, there are also some expectations, roles, and styles as teachers which related to the students. Those are as follows:
1. Teachers are expected to know and have all the answers
2. Teachers are required to suppress emotions
3. Teachers interpret intellectual disagreement as personal disloyalty
4. Teachers are allowed to say "I don't know"
5. Teachers reward students for accuracy in problem-solving
6. Students should speak in class only when called out by the teacher
7. Teachers should never lose face, to do so also mean losing the respect of students
8. Students expect the teacher to show them "the way"
9. Teachers are authorized to express emotions
10. Teachers interpret differences as an interesting exercise
11. Teachers reward students for innovative approaches to problem-solving
12. Students admire friendliness of teachers
13. Students are encouraged to volunteer their thoughts
14. Teachers can admit when they are wrong and still maintain the students'' respect
15. Teachers expect students to find their ways




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